Electrical alarm system.



No. 722,334. PATENTED MAR. 10, 1903. H. M. SUTTON, W. L. STEELE & M. GOERVER. ELECTRICAL ALARM SYSTEM.

1 T E E H s s T B E K 8 A! APPLIOATION FILED MAY 25, 1901.

I a "*0 WITNESSES;-

No. 722,334. PATENTED MAR. 10,1903. H. M. SUTTON, W. L. STEELE & M. COERVER. ELECTRICAL ALARM SYSTEM.

APPLI AT on L 25 1901. no MODEL. v O I M ED MAY 4 sums-sum 2.

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ELECTRICAL ALARM SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1901.

H0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

mini! I Hm MgIA VENTOIM 17 LLZZOIL, WIIZVNE 4 44 .flwhadoen/cr rr En TATES HENRY M. SUTTON, W'ALTER L. STEELE, AND MICHAEL GOERVER, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

ELECTRICAL ALARM SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 7 22,334, dated March 10, 1903.

Application filed May 25, 1901. Serial No. 61,923. (No model.)

10 (LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY M. SUTTON, WALTER L. STEELE, and MICHAEL COERVER, citizens of the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas, State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Alarm Systems, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an electrical alarm system, and particularly to a protected elec tric circuit in which any variation of the current strength is at once indicated at a suitable station to disclose any tampering or interference with the circuit-wires protecting a structure.

The invention has generally for its object to improve the construction disclosed in the patent to H. M. Sutton and W. L. Steele for burglar-alarm, No. 584,798, dated June 22, 1897. In this patent the signal-relay there disclosed is composed of an electromagnet and a permanent magnet disposed on opposite sides of a pivoted armature, so that a mutuallyrepulsive action will be exerted upon the armature where the strength of each of the magnets is equal and the armature attracted toward either magnet if the relative strength of the magnet be varied. The principal objection to this structure and operation is that unless the line-battery is kept at an absolutely constant strength it will unbalance the relay and cause an alarm, while if the contacts of the relay are set sufficiently far apart to allow for variation of battery strength the sensitiveness of the apparatus is destroyed. It is consequently necessary to provide the constant supervision of an attendant to keep the main battery at the proper strength in order that the sensitiveness of the armature may be at the degree necessary for eflicient service.

One object of this invention is to provide a method and means to prevent the variations in the battery strength from aifecting the sensitive armature by so arranging the circuit that not a particle of variation of the current strength in the main line and protected structure can occur without causing an alarm, while the whole system of circuits vide a structure whereby the battery-current may be split into equal divisions and con nected to differentially-wound coils on the magnets of the relay, so as to provide a compensating resistance to prevent any disturbance of the relay-armature by Variations in battery strength.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved structure of time-shifting or circuit-closing commutator for governing the times when said alarm system shall be in operative relation to the protective structure.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear in. the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the different parts of the apparatus separated from each other to illustrate the circuit relations and connections. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing in enlarged detail the circuit-changer in its relation to the relay and a protected structure. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the clock mechanism for actuating the circuit-changer and time-shifting commutator and other parts to be hereinafter described. Fig. at is an end view of this clock with parts in section. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan thereof showing the contacts for the time-shifting commutator. Fig. 6 is a vertical section,upon a reduced scale from Figs. 3 and 4, showing diagrammatically the train of gearing and in full lines the alarm-contacts actuated when the clock runs down. Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the circuit connections extending to the several parts. Fig. 8 is a plan of the relative position of the circuit-changing contacts. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the brushes cooperating with said contacts to establish circuit. Fig. 10 is a vertical section with parts in full lines showing the parts indicated by Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is an end elevation of the circuitshifting commutators. Figs. 12 and 13 are side elevations of the two members of this commutator, indicating the several insulating-sections thereof; and Fig. 14 is a series of vertical sections taken between each of the disks for the circuit-changer, indicating the relation of the contacts thereof.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, it will be seen that the parts comprising the main or signal station are located within any desired form of protected cabinetsuch, for instance as is indicated by dotted lines at A while the protected structure upon the line will be located as at B or any other desired point. Upon these lines-at various points firesignalsfor instance, thermostats or circuitclosers, as indicated by circles at Gmay be used, or, as indicated by enlarged detail at O, for a substation, or, as at 0 for a substation, having a series of circuit-breakers or alarm devices, as indicated at C The protected structures and substations are connected with the main station by means of main-line wires, any desired number of which may be tisedforinstance, three, such as 55 55 55. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 2.) These wires communicate with the circuit-changer 4, which is shown more fully by diagram in Fig. 2, and are supplied with current from the main-line battery 89, as indicated.

For the purpose of clearly understanding the application of the invention it may be assumed that the protected structure B is a bank, safe, or vault connected to the policestation A by the main-line wires, while the substations are supposed to be located at the houses of the various oflicials who may be interested in the protected premises, and they would then be notified of anyintert'erence at the protected banks, safes, or vaults simultaneously with the police-station A, the circuits to said substations being led from the police-station.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to supply the circuits from this battery and balance one circuit against the other through the differential winding of the relay device-for instance, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. In the latter figure the circuit from the main-line battery 89 is split or branched at the point 94, one circuit of which passes through a compensating resistance and is wound upon a permanent magnet 90,as shown by the coil 100. The other branch of the circuit, starting atthe point 94, proceeds through one of the line-wires 94 to the contact 1* of the current-changer and shifting device 4, thence through any one of the line-wires 55, 55", or 55 to the protected structure, from which it returns to the current-changer 4, thence through the contact 4 to the returnline 99, passing through the coil in a reverse direction to the previous winding and connected to the circuit-wire at the point 93. The circuit and connections shown in Fig. 2 are illustrated at the left of the armature 91 in Fig. 1, and a similar arrangement of parts is disposed at the right of said armature, each of the permanent magnets being disposed with their opposing poles facing each other, so that a mutually-repellent action is exerted upon the pivoted armature, as will be hereinafter more fully described. It will be seen from this construction that if the protected structure and its connections have exactly the same resistance as the compensating resistance 95 the battery-currents flowing through the difierentially-wound coils of the permanent magnet 90 will exactly neutralize each other, so that the value of the permanent magnet will in no wise be altered. It will also be seen that it will make no difference what the strength of the main-line battery will be, as the division of the circuit will also be even if the protected structure and that of the compensating resistance exactly balance each other. If for any cause whatever more or less resistance is thrown into the circuit of the protected structure, it will cause more current to How through one winding of the coil 100 than the other, and thus alter the value of the permanent magnet 90 of the main relay 116. (Shown in Fig. 1.) The result of this is to alter the push or effect of the magnet upon the pivoted armature 91 and cause it to contact on either side as the strength of the permanent magnet 90 is made stronger or weaker by the greater or lesser amount of current flowing through any one winding of the coil 100. By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the permanent magnet 92 at the right of the pivoted armature 91 is similarly wound with the coil 100 to the winding of the magnet 90, just described, and the circuits from this winding are provided with a compensating resistance 95 and a battery 108, connecting with a circuit extending to protected structures or substations. It will be observed that these permanent magnets are disposed with their opposing poles toward each other, whereby a mutually-repellant action is exerted upon the pivotal armature 91, so that each one is balanced against the other and operates the alarm-signal upon the unbalancing of either one of them. This structure also presents a material advantage over the ordinary form embodying poles of opposite polarity acting upon an armature Whose action is either restrained by an opposing spring or another magnet, as in an ordinary relay. Under such conditions the attraction of the magnet very greatly increases as the distance between its armature and poles decrease, rendering a delicate and accurate adjustment practically impossible; but with the disposition of the poles herein disclosed the opposing action of the magnets exerts a common push on the polarized armature to a point of common equilibrium between the poles, and the position of this armature is determined by the relative strength of the permanent magnets. It will be apparent that the dili'erential winding on these magnets does not influence the magnetism in the least degree unless more current is made to fiow through one winding of the coil 100 than the other. As shown in Fig. 1, the upper end of. the pivoted armature is adapted to con- ITO tact in its oscillations with circuit connections from the line 99, to be more fully hereinafter described. The armature is provided upon opposite sides with spring-plates 98, insulated. therefrom and normally in contact with the connections from line 99. \Vhen the armature is moved from its normal position, one of the springs is caused thereby to leave the contact with the line 99, and therefore opens the circuit and causes the local circuits to sound an alarm at each place. This armature of the relay is also in circuit by means of the line 99 with an alarm 114, through which current may be directed over the line 99 by the contact of the upper end of the armature with the contact-plates 98, and for the purpose of energizing this alarm a suitable local battery 102 may be placed in the circuit, if desired.

Current-changer 4, hereinbefore referred to, is adapted to shift a current of constant strength from one line or set of lines to another and alternate said current in polarity in the act of shifting. This result is accomplished by means of the current-changer 4, which is particularly shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 10 and comprises a series of contact-rings 4:, each of which is provided with contact-points disposed in different positions, as shown in plan by Fig. 8, and mounted upon an insulating-core 4:, which core is provided with a longitudinal aperture corresponding with a similar aperture in the ring 4, into which a key is inserted for securing the parts together and in relative position. The contactrings 45 and l are connected by suitable wiring to the contact-points upon the rings 4, as specifically shown in Fig. 10, so as to produce positive and negative connections. This wiring extends through the spaces or apertures 4*. (Shown in Fig. 14.) In the present illustration of the current-changer six of these contact-rings are shown, although the number may be aried at will, and they are separated from each other by suitable insulatingplates, as is well known in this art. In Fig. 8 the several rings have been consecutively numbered from 1 to 6-, and these rings are correspondingly numbered in Fig. 14, where they are shown in their separated relation to each other,thus disclosing their-regular position of the contact-points upon the circumference of the changer, which serves to make the lines to the protected structure more difficult to read, as it changes the current from positive to negative over the same line at irregular intervals. The current is received by the contact-rings at and 4: through the medium of the brushes 55 and 56, respectively, which are connected with the line-wires 9t and 94", as shown at 56 and 56". The conductingbrushes 55", 55 and 55 are also carried in pairs by block 53 and connected with the main-line wires 55 55 55 by means of contacts or clamps '70 70. The block 53 and parts carried thereby are suitably secured in any form of easing or framework, such as a clock-casing D, by means of screws or other fastenings 53 53 53. The circuitchanger is continuously rotated by means of a pinion 4 carried upon the rotating shaft 4 which supports the current-changer. The condenser 96 is in circuit with the line-wires (see Figs. 1 and 2) to prevent undue sparking at the current-changer by absorbing the counter electromotive force of the line-wires by the action of the current in being shifted from one line to another.

In Fig. 2 the current in lines 94* and 94 is practically constant, but is alternated at one end, 'so there is more or less back pressure, which the condenser 96 as there located takes up and prevents sparking at the brushes 55, 55 and 55. Should the condenser be not located as shown, it would be necessary to place two condensers between the lines 55, 55 and 55, while in the present form a single condenser is effective.

The current-changer is operated by means of the clock mechanism shown in Figs. 3, 4:, 6, and 7; but the only direct connection for driving this changer is through the contactwheel 54, as shown in Fig. 3. This wheel has any desired number of contact-teeth-for instance, twenty, as shown-and revolves between the brushes 39 and 39", each of which is suitably mounted in blocks or supports 38 and adapted to be adjusted in their contact with the wheel 54 by means of screws 38 and 38*, said brushes being connected in series with the electromagnets 51 and 52 (see Fig. 7) and with alocal battery 101. (See Fig. 1.) By reference to Figs. 6 and 7 it will be seen that the insulated shaft 14: of the wheel 5% is suitably driven from the spring-driven pinion 5, which in turn rotates the pinion 6, disposed in driving relation with the pinions 7 and 8, the latter of which meshes with the pinion upon the shaft 14 to impart a rotary movement to said shaft and the wheel carried thereby. This train of gearing also extends through the medium of the pinion 10 and suitable geared connections to the balance or escapement wheel and spring, as indicated at 11, 12, and 13 in Fig. 6. The electromagnets 51 and 52 are adapted to operate the armature 32, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) which is pivoted at its upper end, as shown at 35, to a fixed support 37, while upon its face next the magnets a plate 63 is provided which may be secured in position by any desired means-for instance, screws 50. In order to limit the outward movement of this armature in its relation to the escapement-wheel 28, a stop 34: is provided, while the lower end of the armature has secured thereto opposite beveled teeth 30 and 31, adapted to engage upon the opposite sides of the teeth 29, carried by the escapement-wheel 28. This wheel is secured upon the outer end of the shaft 4 of the current-changer and through the mechanism just described imparts thereto a step-by-step or interrupted movement by the oscillation of the pivoted armature 32.

The escapement-wheel 28 is provided with twenty points or contacts to correspond with a similar number upon the current-changer 4, which is secured to the shaft of the escapement-wheel 28 and is driven by means of a pinion 3, meshing with a train of gears and pinions 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The winding-shaft 1 of the driving-pinion 1 is provided with the usual clock-spring and with a retaining-ratchet 24, cooperating with a pawl 27, held in mesh by means of the spring 26, one end of whichis secured to a fixed support 25, as shown in Fig. 3.

The time shifting or circuit-closing conimutator 23, as shown in Figs. 3, 11, 12, and 13, is so driven and geared from pinion 15 through the gears and pinions 20 21 22, Fig. 3, as to make one complete revolution of the gear 22 each seven days. The office of the commutator is to short-circuit the main-line battery 89, Fig. 1, through the resistance 117 by means of the brushes 47, Fig. 3, which are mounted in a block 48,adjustably secured,by means of slots and screws 49, to a wall of the clock-casing, and from these brushes 47 suitable connectors extend to the battery-circuit. The commutator comprises two disks 23 and 23", secured upon the central insulated core 67, Fig. 12, each of which disks is in contact with a pair of the brushes 47, as will be seen from Fig. 5. The peripheries of these disks are provided with insulated portions in order to cut out the battery during any predetermined period. For instance, the disk 23 is provided with insulations 83 alternating in position with similarly-insulated portions 83, carried by the disk 23 It will be noticed that the long insulation upon the disk 83 represents Sunday when the battery is not short-circuited,thereby keeping the protected structure in circuit from any predetermined time on Saturday until a desired time on Monday morning, and it will also be seen that the local bell-circuit is open when the main-line brushes are in contact, and vice versa. By means of this timing mechanism the battery may be short-circuited during business hours and automatically thrown in circuit at the proper time, so as to protect the structure in circuit with the parts. The clock-gearing is also suitably extended by the use of the gears 18 and 19, having a pinion 15 for the'application of the usual hands upon the clock-face 64. This face is provided with the frame 59 and band 60, having the bead 61, adapted to secure the glass door in position by means of the hinge 65. The clock-face is of the usual character used in time-indicating mechanisms. As indicated upon the drawings, the several faces of the commutator-disk (shown in Figs. 12 and 13) are lettered to indicate the respective days controlled thereby, and it will be seen that the disk 23 is adapted to be in circuit with the resistance, while the disk 23' is in circuit with the main line, by which means the resistance 117, as shown in Fig. 1, may be thrown into circuit if the main line and batteries be short-circuited.

The test push-button 97, Fig. 1, is in series with the main-line battery 89 and a secondary relay-coil 111 through the main relay to the contact-brushes cooperating with the current changer 4. This test-alarmis provided with an independent battery 112 and be1l113 in circuit with a contact-piece 82 cooperating with the armature 82 from the relay-magnet 111. The object of this is a test to ascertain whether the battery-cells are in working order, as by pressingthe button 97 the circuit through the relay 111 is opened, permitting the armature 82 to make contact through'the battery 112 and bell 113.

In the present arrangement of circuits it will be observed that the circuit is split and the battery could continue to weaken until it finally become exhausted without giving the alarm, and up to this time the invention would continue to properly operate. By the use of the push-button the battery, as well as the working of the system, can always be tested from the protected structure without the necessity of breaking a line elsewhere, and thus causing an alarm to be given. The testbutton simply opens the line 110 from the main battery 89.

As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, an alarm is provided for indicating when the clock has become run down, or nearly so. This is effected by means of a brush 46, secured upon the fixed support 45, in circuit with the local battery, while upon the shaft of the drivingspring, carried by the gear 5, a collar 16 is secured and provided with a projection 16 adapted to mesh with teeth upon a wheel 17, pivotally mounted, as at 17 and provided with a lateral projecting pin 17, which in its movement strikes the spring 46 on the unwinding of the clock, said spring being insulated from the frame of the clock and makes circuit through the local battery to hell 114, Fig. 1, which gives the alarm. A suitable current connection 16 may be made with this collar 16, as is well known in the art, in order to accomplish the functions desired.

The substations (shown in Fig. 1) are illustrated with and without the fuses or firealarms C. If one or more of these fuses are introduced into a fire-protection circuit and become melted, the circuit is opened, which throws the armature 91 of the main relay 116, Fig. 1, making contact with the line 99. This also opens contact to substations by breaking contacts of spring 98, thereby releasing armature of relay 83 at substation, which closes local battery 103 through hell 107. Substantially the same efiect would necessarily take place should the substation be broken or tampered with. The armature for the substation apparatus is indicated at 105 and adapted to contact with the point 104 by means of the spring 106 under the conditions just mentioned.

WVithin both the protected structure and the protected cabinet containing the apparatus suitable resistances, as indicated at M N 0, Fig. 2, and P Q B, Fig. 1, are added in series with each other, but so arranged that different amounts are at each end of each line, whereby each line shall always have the same total resistance as another line. For instance, assuming that the resistances just mentioned are extra-resistance coils added to the line-wires and taking line 55, we may assume that the resistance of the coil P is seventy-five ohms, while that of M in circuit therewith at the protected structure has a resistance of twenty-five ohms, likewise taking the line 55 and assuming the resistance Q to have twenty-five ohms, and the next line in the same manner, using any arbitrary division of the various resistances which may be found proper. It is of course understood that the resistances P Q R are located in a properly-protected position at a police-station or any other suitable point.

Referring to Fig. 7, the general disposition of the circuits leading from the clock mechanism and parts actuated thereby are diagrammatically shown. 'It will be seen that the circuit and wiring for the magnets 51 and 52, cooperating with the wheel 5 L, terminate in the local battery, as indicated at M A G at the left of said figure, (shown at 101 in Fig. 1.) The circuits 55*, 55 and 55 proceeding from the current-changer are indicated as connecting with the line-wires at L, L and L while the battery-circuit through the contacts 55 and 56 is indicated as terminating at B B, as shown upon Fig. 1 at 89. The time-commutator mechanism 23 is shown as in circuit through the brushes 47 with the lines 47 47 connected with the main line at M L, and also the connections 47 and 47 in circuit with the resistance, as indicated at R R. The alarm-circuit for the clock-spring is shown as extending from the contact 46 by means of the line 46 of one wire of an alarm mechanism, (marked Alarm in Fig. 7,) the opposite wire 16 of which communicates with the clock-plate D and makes circuit therethrough to the axle carrying the pinion 5 and collar 16. (See Fig. 7.)

It will be obvious that numerous details in the construction of the clock mechanism and other parts have not been herein specifically described, as they are of the ordinary form and well known to those skilled in the art. For instance, the armature 32 is pivotally mounted upon the bearings 36 in the bracket 35. The outer end of the winding-shaft 5 is likewise supported in a bearing 44 and provided with a ratchet-wheel 43, cooperating witha pawl 42, held nndertension bya spring 41, while the balance-spring mechanism is regulated or controlled by the usual regulator 40, all of which are shown in detail in Figs.

3 and 4;. The train of. gears in several of the figures is diagrammaticallyillustrated for the sake of clearness of illustration.

It will be obvious that numerous changes maybe madein the details of construction and configuration of the several par-ts and that the apparatus for embodying the method herein disclosed may be altered as found desirable or convenient.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an electrical alarm system, the combination of a protected structure, a battery, a relay comprising a pivoted armature, a controlling-magnet therefor in circuit with said structure and battery and having a polarized core and its coil differentially wound with branches from said battery-circuit,and means for alternating the polarity of the current from said battery between said magnet and protected structure; substantially-as specified.

2. In an electrical alarm system, a relay comprising a pivoted armature, a controllingmagnet therefor having a polarized core and its coil differentially wound with branches from a battery-circuit; one of said branches extending directly from the battery and the other in circuit with a protected structure or other resistance, and means for alternating the polarity of the current to the protected structure; substantially as specified.

3. In an electrical alarm system, a relay comprising a pivoted armature, a controllingmagnet therefor having a polarized core and its coil differentially wound with branches from a battery-circuit, one of said branches extending directly from the battery and the other in circuit with a protected structure or other resistance, and a current-changer in circuit with said protected structure adapted to alternate the polarity of said current; substantially as specified.

4:. In an electrical alarm system, a relay comprising a pivoted armature, a controllingmagnet therefor having a polarized core and its coil differentially wound with branches from a battery-circuit, one of said branches extending directly from the battery and the other in circuit with a protected structure or other resistance, a current-changer in circuit with said protected structure adapted to alternate the polarity of said current, and a condenser disposed between the signal-circuit and its return; substantially as specified.

5. In an electrical alarm system, a relay comprising a pivoted armature, a controllingmagnet therefor having a'polarized core and its coil dilferentially wound with branches from a battery-circuit, one of said branches extending directly from the battery and the other in circuit with a protected structure or other resistance, a current-changer in circuit with said protected structure adapted to alternate the polarity of said current, a com denser disposed between thesignal-circuit and its return, and a compensating resistance disposed in the branch of the circuit between the battery and said coil; substantially as specified.

(i. In an electrical alarm system, a relay comprising a pivoted armature and permanent mannets at opposite sides thereof havinglike poles facing said armature, a batterycircuit for energizing said magnets having branches differentially wound to form the coils thereof, a current-changer in circuit with said magnets adapted to shift said current and alternate the polarity thereof, and a series of main-line circuits extending from said changer to a protected structure, whereby the current may be shifted from one line to the other and alternated in polarity during said shifting; substantially as specified.

7. In an electrical alarm system the combination of a protected structure, a relay comprising a pivoted armature and permanent magnets at opposite sides thereof havinglike poles facing said armature, a battery-circuit for energizing said magnets having branches difierentially Wound to form the coils thereof, a current-changer in circuit with said magnets adapted to shift said current and alternate the polarity thereof, a series of mainline circuits extending from said changer to a protected structure, and a battery-test in circuit with said battery and permanent magnet and comprising a local-battery relay and alarm; substantially as specified. I

8. In an electrical alarm system, a circuitbreaker in circuit with an armature and magnet, a current-shifter having an escapement controlled by said armature, a time-commutator in circuit with a line-Wire and resistance and adapted to direct the circuit from a battery through said circuit-shifter or said resistance, and a time mechanism geared to operate and control both the shifter and commutator; substantially as specified.

9. In an electrical alarm system, a circuitbreaker in circuit with an armature and magnet, a current-shifter having an escapement controlled by said armature, a time-commutator in circuit with a line-wire and resistance and adapted to direct the circuit from a battery through said circuit-shifter or said resistance, time mechanism geared to operate and control both the shifter and commutator, and an alarm mechanism actuated by the rotation of said time mechanism when the driving means thereof is in a predetermined position; substantially as specified.

10. In an electrical alarm system, a circuitbreaker in circuit with an armature and magnet, a current-shifter having an escapement controlled by said armature, a time-commutator in circuit with a line-wire and resistance and adapted to direct the circuit from a battery through said circuit-shifter or said resistance, time mechanism geared to operate and control both the shifter and commutator, an alarm mechanism actuated by the rotation of said time mechanism when the driving means thereof is in a predetermined position, a pivoted relay in circuit with the alarm mechanism, and a magnet for controlling said relay by variations in the strength of current throughaprotecting-circuit; substantiallyas specified.

11. In an electrical alarm system, a circuitbreaker in circuit with an armature and magnet, a current-shifter having an escapement controlled by said armature, a time-commutator in circuit with a line-wire and resistance and adapted to direct the circuit from a battery through said circuit-shifter or said resistance,a time mechanism geared to operate and control both the shifter and commutator, an alarm mechanism actuated by the rotation of said time mechanism when the driving means thereof is in a predetermined position, a pivoted relayin circuit with an alarm mechanism, a magnet for controlling said relay by variations in the strength of current through a protecting-circuit, and a substation device comprising a pivoted relay adapted to be shifted upon a variation of current in the main line to actuate an alarm at the substation; substantially as specified.

12. In an electrical alarm system the combination of a battery, a series of line-wires, a battery-circuit shifter connected therewith, a protected structure in circuit with said linewires, independent resistances on each of said line-Wires arranged with different amounts at each end of each line, whereby the total resistance of any line-wire will be equal to another Wire of the series; substantially as specified.

13. In an electrical alarm system, the combination with protected structure, ofa circuitshifter, a main-line battery, a series of linewires extending through Working circuits, resistance of different strength placed in each of said circuits at different parts thereof, whereby the resistance at the same point in each circuit will be different but the total resistance of each line will be equal to its associated line; substantially as specified.

14. In an electrical alarm system, a pivoted armature, a main-line battery, a permanent magnet for influencing said armature, a line from said battery branched and differentially Wound upon said magnet, a circuit connection through said armature with a time-commutator, a circuit connection with said armature and an alarm mechanism, and a resistance in circuit With said time-commutator; substantially as specified.

15. In an electrical alarm system, a pivoted armature, a main-line battery, a permanent magnet for controlling said armature, a line from said battery branched and difierentially Wound upon said magnet, a circuit connection through said armature With a time-commutator, a circuit connection with said armature and an alarm mechanism, a resistance in circuit with said time-commutator, a currentshifter in circuit with one branch of said battery-circuit, and an escapement device for effecting, a step-by-step movement of said circuit-shifter; substantially as specified.

16. In an electrical alarm system, a pivoted armature, a main-line battery, a permanent magnet for controlling said armature, a line from said battery branched and difierentially wound upon said magnet, a circuit connection through said armature and an alarm mechanism, a resistance in circuit with said timecommutator, a current-shifter in circuit with one branch of said battery-circuit, an escapement device for eifectinga step-by-step movement of said circuit-shifter, a series of mainline circuits connected with said circuit-shifter, a Work-circuit or protected structure in circuit with said main-line currents, and resistances interposed in said main line circuits; substantially as specified.

17. In an electrical alarm system, a pivoted armature, a main-line battery, a permanent magnet for controlling said armature, a line from said battery branched and differentially wound upon said magnet, a circuit connected through said armature and an alarm mechanism, a resistance in circuit with said timecommutator, a current-shifter in circuit with one branch of said battery-circuit, an escapement device foreffecting a step-by-step movement of said circuit-shifter, a series of mainline circuits connected with said circuit-shifter, a work-circuit or protected structure in circuit with said main-line circuits, resistances interposed in said main-line circuits, at substation-alarm, and a controlling-magnet in circuit with the main line for effecting said alarm; substantially as specified.

18. In an electrical alarm system, a pivoted armature, a main-line battery, a permanent magnet for controlling said armature, a line from said battery branched and differentially wound upon said magnet, a circuit connected through said armature and an alarm mechanism, a resistance in circuit with said timecommutator, a current'shifter in circuit with one branch of said-battery-circuit, an escapement device foreffecting a step-by-step movement of said circuit-shifter, a work-circuit or protected structure in circuit with said mainline currents, resistances interposed in said main-line circuits, a substation-alarm, a controlling-magnet in circuit with the main line for effecting said alarm, a testing device in circuit with the main-line battery and comprising a relay-magnet,alarm and circuit-breaker; substantially as specified.

In testimonywhereofwe affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY M. SUTTON. WALTER L. STEELE. MICHAEL OOERVER. WVitnesses:

W. D. SAMPSON, JAKE HAAS. 

